Contents
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Contents

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I. THE FINDING OF THE SOUL
(OR THE INTERNAL SOUL)

PAGE

Survivals Defined

1, 5

A Possible non-Celtic Element

3

Religion and Rite

5

Religion embraces a Special Carefulness; is the opposite of Negligence; and of a Social Nature

8

Celtic Religious Psychology

9

Religion embraces more than Magic

10

The Spoken Word

11

The Spell

13

The Positive Word

15

Magic Charm: bricht (the Ceremonially Conceived Word)

17

The Power of the Word

18

The Soul in the Name

19

Asseveration by the Tribal God

20

The Soul and Body-Parts: Oath by the Elements

21

Ancient Ritual of the After-Birth

23

The Soul in the Eye

25

Averting the Evil Eye

27

The Blood-Soul

29

Blood-Drinking

30, 31

The Blood-Covenant

32

p. viii

PAGE

The Soul in the Blood

40

The Soul in the Breath

45, 49

The 'Double'

47

The Self as different from the Body

48

Chief Forms of Soul-Cult

1. Animism

51

2. Animalism and Manism

52

3. Daimonism

56

Gessa, i.e. Restrictions or Taboos

57

Raising the Name

58

Faint 'Survival' of Simulative Couvade

59

Brian and the Virgin Birth: Parthenogenesis

65

The Dusii of Gaul: the Breton Courils

73

Varieties of Supernatural Birth

74

Life-Tokens

75


CHAPTER II. THE WANDERINGS OF PSYCHE
(OR THE EXTERNAL SOUL)

The External Soul

76

Swearing by Weapons

77

Swearing by the Hand

78

The Soul-Form as Moth, Butterfly

79

The Bee-Soul

83

The Bird-Soul

Cuckoo

89

Cormorant

90

Raven, Magpie, Eagle

91

Swan

92

Ghost-Bird of St. Kilda

92

Wren

96

Heron

98

Crane and Gull

99

Language of Animals

99

Sacred Animals

100, 101

Animal-Fasting

101

p. ix

PAGE

The Theriomorphic Soul

(a) Hare-Form

102

(b) Cat-Form

107

(c) Mare-Form (Horse-Form)

109

Clan Leod and the Horse

117

Morc na Maighe

119

(d) Fowl Taboo or Sacred

121

Sacredness and Potency of Swine's Blood

121

(e) Deer-Form

121, 131

Oisin's Animal Parentage

123, 127

The White Hind as Fairy Love

125

Names of Animal Origin

129

(f) Bull-Form

133

(a) The Boobrie as Bird

135

(b) The Boobrie as Water-Horse

137, 143

(c) The Boobrie as Water-Bull

138

The Bittern

144

Water-Bull

147

The Gaulish Tarvos Trigaranos

148

The Divine Bull

149, 152

Water-Wraith and Nymphs

149, 150

The Bull on the Paris Altar

153

The Bull of Trèves

155

The Donn Cualnge

158

An Irish Wake Orgy

158

Cuchulainn and Lug

159-161

(g) The Water-Horse

161

(h) Serpent-Form

165

(i) Wolf-Form

170

(j) Dog-Form

173

(k) Seal-Form

175

(1) Boar-Form: an treith chuileanach

175

(m) Semi-theriomorphic Form

176

(n) The Tree-Soul

179

The Rowan as Tree of Life

181

The Sacred Tree or Bile

187

The Tree-Soul and Labhraidh Lorc

197

(o) The Soul in Stones or the God-Stone

198

'Telling it to the Stones'

203

p. x


CHAPTER III. THE EARTHLY JOURNEY

PAGE

STAGES OF THE JOURNEY

207

1. Lustration

2. Illumination

3. Healing

(a) 1. The Rites that unite Man with Man

(a) 2. The Rites that unite Man with the Divine as recognised

(b) The Rites that avert

(c) Faith-Healing

(d) Folk-Medicine

1. The Lustral Rites

208

Leigheas Cuairte

209

Lustration by Fire

211

Lustration by Water

216

" " Milk

218

The Transition from Lustration to Sacrifice: Blood

220

2. Illumination

220

Omens

224

Stones of Omen

227

Divination by Bull-Feast

229

Scapulimantia

231

Crystal-Gazing

233

The Sight of the Two Worlds (Second Sight)

239

First Sight: Apparent Double Presence: tármachduinn

243

3. Healing

(a) 1. The Rites that unite Man with Man

245

Wedding Rites in 'Survival'

247

(a) 2. The Rites that unite the Human with the Divine

Primitive Commensality

252

Libations

254

Michael's Cake

255

Offering

257

Michael's Portion: the Michaelmas Sheep

259

Relics of Sacrifice: the 'Devoted' Person

261

Beltane Rural Sacrifice

262

p. xi

PAGE

Purification and Fertility

The Hogmanay Breast-Strip {Caisein Uchd, Caisein Calluig}

263

The Man in Cow-Hide

265

(b) The Rites that avert: Cocks in Sacrifice

266

The 'Invocation' to avert Ignorance or Revelation attempted by Magic

267

The Part for the Whole: preventing Cattle-Loss

270

Animal Sacrifice

271

Bull Sacrifice

273

Live Trout in Healing Rites

275

Human Sacrifices: heart of a man who did not know his parents; the man without a father; auspication of buildings; 'the putting away of Death'; vicarious sacrifice

276

Elements of Sacrifice: commensality; purification; giving to get; giving to avert (propitiation); substitution (life for life)

287

Positive Magic

291

The Negative Code

292

The Burdens of the Soul

299

Crime and Sacrifice

305

The Transmission of Luck

307

(c) Faith-Healing

Psychic Suggestion

309

Primitive Incubation

313

The Sacred Loch

315

The Sacred Well

321

The Sacred Cave

333

(d) Folk-Medicine: Religion and Magic

334

Retrospect

341

INDEX

344

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