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Contents

CONTENTS

PREFACE

vii

LIFE AND WORKS

ix


INTRODUCTION

CHARACTERS OF ALFARABI'S PHILOSOPHY

xiii

WHAT MUST PRECEDE THE STUDY OF PHILOSOPHY

xiv

DEFINITION AND DIVISION OF PHILOSOPHY

xvi


PART ONE. LOGICAL


CHAPTER I. LOGIC

MENTAL OPERATIONS

1

CATEGORIES

2

CERTAIN QUESTIONS ON THE CATEGORIES

3


PART TWO. THEORETICAL


CHAPTER II. METAPHYSICS

ONTOLOGY

10

Universals

10

Description of Being

12

Transcendental Properties of Being

13

Division of Being into Necessary and Contingent

13

Principles of Being, Potentiality and Actuality

13

The First Principles

15


METAPHYSICAL THEOLOGY

18

Knowability of God

18

Proofs of God's Existence

19

Attributes of God

22

a) Process of Exclusion 23

Simplicity of God

23

Infinity of God

25

Immutability of God

25

Unity of God

26

b) Process of pre-Eminence

27

God is Intelligent

27

God Knows All Things through Knowledge of Himself

28

p. xii

God is Truth

28

God is Life

28


METAPHYSICAL COSMOLOGY

30

Relation of God to the World

30

Eternity of Matter and Eternity of the World

31

Dualism of Good and Evil

32


METAPHYSICAL PSYCHOLOGY

34

The Soul Is a Being Quite Distinct from the Body

34

Spirituality of the Human Soul

34

Immortality of the Human Soul

35


CHAPTER III. PSYCHOLOGY


A GENERAL OUTLINE OF THE POWERS OF THE SOUL

37

1. Powers of Knowledge

38

Sense-Knowledge

38

Perceptive Knowledge

40

Abstractive Knowledge

41


2. Powers of Action

45

Sensitive Appetite

45

Intellective Appetite

46


PART THREE. PRACTICAL


CHAPTER IV. ETHICS

ACTIONS GOOD, BAD, OR INDIFFERENT

49


CHAPTER V. POLITICAL SOCIETY

DESCRIPTION OF THE MODEL STATE

50


CONCLUDING CHAPTER

THREE CONCLUSIONS

54


BIBLIOGRAPHY

57

INDEX

59

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