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Ayub (Job) The Prophet (PUH)
He is the son of Mus ben Razâh (Zerah) ben Ra`u'eel (Reuel) ben Esau ben Isaac ben Abraham the friend of God (PUH), and his mother was the daughter of Lot (PUH) and his residence was in Huran in the lands of Shem in Al-Baþniyyah, part of Damascus as in Muruj Al-Ðahab for Al-Mas`udi. He had lot of riches and children so God tested him in hisself and his money and his children, but he had a beautiful patience, and then God gave him back whatever he lost as a double and gave him back his health and his shape and his strength, and he has a mosque there entitled by his name and the spring that he washed his body from is known in the lands of Golan between Damascus and Jordan, and this mosque and this spring are about three miles away from the town of Nawâ, and the stone that he used to take refuge in with his wife Rahmah is founded there in ground of that mosque, and it might be a cave beside the mosque. It is said that Job did not eat his food unless a poor or a wretch sit with him, and whenever he is offered two matters to choose from he then chooses the one that is the hardest for him. It is reported from trusted people that when he (PUH) was tested for continuous seven years with his health, his smell never been bad and his shape never misshaped and never suppurated or anything dirty happened to him that could make people keep away from him and his body never got worms in it, but people kept away from him because of his apparent poverity and weakness for their ignorance for his true condition and his high place for God. Whatever is said about him being sick and that made misshapes in his body which made people keep away from him, this is something that opposes the place of prophecy. This is to be discussed later on. They say he was called Ayub (Job) because his health and his family and his riches all gone and back again, and after the test and after thanking his Lord, God got him back his health and his children and his money and gifted him, for this he was called Job, which supposed to mean "getting back" as mentioned. The truth is that his name is approperiate since he got back what he lost, so he got back to his health and his fortune and his children after the adversities, and they say he lived for ninty three years and he made his son Hawmal the leader after him and then God sent his son Basheer ben Job as a prophet after him and called him Ðul-Kifl and He ordered him to call for God and His religion and believe in Him as One and he lived in the lands of Shem all of his life until he died and he was then nonty five years old, and Basheer made his son `Abdân a leader after him and God sent after him Isaiah the prophet, as it is mentioned in Safeenat Al-Bihâr by Al-Mohaddiþ Al-Qummi.
They also said that Job was a famous man known for his righteousness and for his patience for this he was called The Righteous, and been an example for patience. Some historians of muslim scholars mentioned, after many opposing tales about Job that call for doubts about his existance, he said: some said that Job is a hypothetical name and it was not his name in any time and the story about him is a false story or the real story had been complemented with legendary stories, and also he said also: we say that he is a faithful man and one of God's servants that God tested him with his riches and his family and his body and he had a beautiful patience, so then God gave him a lot more than what he lost before and praised him in His quran and made him a prophet. He continued: people say about the adversity of Job some sayings that points out that he was sick by some illness that misshaped him and made people keep away from him and this is something that does not apply for the high place of prophecy, and the scholars of Islam had agreed that prophets are saved from diseases that keeps the people away from them. The answer to all of this is mentioned afore and it will come in details what was attributed to the prophet (PUH) and his Household (PUT), so just wait.
It is attributed to the prophet (PUH) that he said: the greatest people in their adversities are the prophets, and then comes after them in order the best and then the better, and God tested His viceroys with the great adversities to make people calm about their adversities, and to make them not to call for lordship when they see all of the fortunes and gifts given from God to them, to make them know that mercy of God with its two types, deserved or specialized, and to make them not to humiliate a weak man for his weakness or a poor man for his poverity nor a sick for his disease, and to make them know that God makes whoever He desires sick and whoever He desires healthy at any time He desires by any how He desires for any reason He desires, and make it as a sermon for any one He desires and as misery for any one He desires, and as happiness for any one He desires, and He, the Exalted, in all of that, just in His actions and wise in His deeds and never do to His servants except what is beneficial for them and there is no strength unless by Him. Whoever meditate through this speech and was wise enough, he would know lot of the secrets of God's deeds with His viceroys, and that God tested His servant Job (PUH) with the heaviest of adversities that one can have and took away his life's ornamentations but left for him his mind, his hearing, his sight and his tongue as a test for him and to obtain the degree of his faith and to show wether he can keep his faith or he would look for someone else other than his Creator, and He, the Exalted, knows how much faith he had and knows his caution to get the satisfaction of his Lord, but He tested him to raise him in levels in this life and in the after-life and make him an example to be followed by the rest of the creations and to show them that having patience toward the adversities is rewarded with the greatest gifts and that His viceroys are competing for this great level and so there are low and high levels, and so God gave His servant Job many gifts and he thanked God for them, then He took away the gifts one by another, and by each time Job used to thank God as well and he knew that he was chosen by God for some reason and so he increased his thanks with the increasing adversities and he was absolutely satisfied for this, until people started to mock at him and claimed that he deserved for all of that, but he kept on praising God, and the Merciful Knower knew that the mocking of his enemies and their claims that if only Job did not have evil in himself God would not do all of that to him, and He knew that such talk was hurting him more than his pains and sickness and so then He released his pains and gifted him again with more than what he had as it is mentioned in the holy book in the chapter of Al-Anbiyâ': And Job, when he cried unto his Lord, (saying): Lo! adversity afflicteth me, and Thou art Most Merciful of all who show mercy. Then We heard his prayer and removed that adversity from which he suffered, and We gave him his household (that he had lost) and the like thereof along with them, a mercy from Our store, and a remembrance for the worshippers(Al-Anbiyâ':83-84), and in the chapter of Sâd: And make mention (O Muhammad) of Our bondman Job, when he cried unto his Lord (saying): Lo! the devil doth afflict me with distress and torment. (And it was said unto him): Strike the ground with thy foot. This (spring) is a cool bath and a refreshing drink.And We bestowed on him (again) his household and therewith the like thereof, a mercy from Us, and a memorial for men of understanding. And (it was said unto him): Take in thine hand a branch and smite therewith, and break not thine oath. Lo! We found him steadfast, how excellent a slave! Lo! he was ever turning in repentance (to his Lord)(Sâd:41-44).
So God told the prophet (PUH) about what happened with Job (PUH) and the chapters of Al-Anbiyâ' and Sâd and advised him to remember what happened to him and take sermons from his story and to teach his nation about his story and reminds them about it to take wisdom his story, and when his conditions went worse he raised his hands to his Lord with humiliation, forgetting about what he faced of adversities and whatever he faced from the devil's tricks and the devil's whispers to the people that made him keep away from him and even kept him out from their houses with his wife Rahmah and that got so heavy on Job and it was even harder in pain more than his sickness, because his sickness was from God but what happened with him with the people is a deed of the devil his followers, and the damned used to come to Job and say to him: your sickness got so long in time and your Lord does not have mercy on you, and then used to remind him of what gifts and riches with children that he used to have and how close he was to the people, and reminded him with his gatherings and caused him to worry and being bored with confusion of thought, so he called for his Lord to eliminate what was with him of troubles that caused by the devil's whispers, and the damned was urging to make him fall in a sin, but he (PUH) was aware of his tricks and kept on being patient and increased in his faith in his Lord and that was a reason to raise up his adversities and to be gifted from his Lord.


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